Saturday, December 28, 2019

Media and Television - Analysis of the V-Chip Essay

The V-Chip and TV Parental Guidelines During the last decade, media ratings have been used as a means of addressing concerns about objectionable or potentially harmful media content. Politicians, entertainment industry leaders, and parents alike have turned to media ratings as a middle ground to such concerns somewhere between direct government censorship and not addressing the issue at all. While movie ratings have been in place for several decades, there was a trend in adoption of a rating system for media such as television. The advent of content blocking categories technologies, such as the V-chip, which requires some form of attendant rating system to be useful, has furthered spurred this trend. There is†¦show more content†¦When the television receives this code, channels displaying inappropriate programming, will display an unauthorized to receive message on the screen. Time Magazine reported the chip itself was not cheap when it was first developed since it cost the Shaw Cablesystems 300,000 d ollars in September 1994. (Dickson 1999 p80) Basically the V-chip that will on the surface that will protects kids from violence or other inappropriate shows by blocking it out when the chip reads the code. Yet this expensive chip will not have the capabilities to define the difference between the violence in Schindlers List and Friday the Thirteen. The rating system called the TV Parental Guidelines. Works in conjunction with the V-Chip, represented by little wad of letter and numbers that looks like an eye chart and periodically pops up in the corner of you screen. Since 1997, shows have been rated in seven categories, ranging from TV-Y, suitable for all children, to TV-Ma, which stands for mature audience. Rating icons appear on the screen during the first fifteen seconds of a program and are also noted in some TV listings. In addition, there was talk about having a content label that would have appeared as an extra letter tacked onto the icon for example V for violence. (Gunther 1998 p.64) The letters themselves seem confusing because it does containShow MoreRelated Television and Media - Censorship of TV Violence Not Necessary877 Words   |  4 Pagestelevised media often begins as a result of the concern many adults show over what their children watch. Children begin watching television at an early age, and they are usually lifetime viewers by the time they are two to three years old. There is usually a steady increase in the amount of television watched during a persons childhood. This is followed by a decline during adolescence. W hat is more of a concern to the American people, however, is the amount of violence depicted on the television screenRead MoreTelevision And Its Impact On Children s Lifestyle1742 Words   |  7 Pagesinternet coverage, increased radio frequencies, and digital television coverage. Given the relatively cheap but wide coverage and in depth analysis of news and other programs, uses of television continue to rise. High numbers of populations enjoy wide television coverage at low cost. Due to this reason, the prevalence of television as a news and lifestyle programmer in the society continues to rise. Increasing the society’s access to television services is an important factor in developing educationalRead MoreEffect of Television Research6869 Words   |  28 Pages2 World War-II 6 1.1.3 1946 – 1949 6 1.1.4 1950- 1959 7 1.1.5 1960 – 2000 8 1.2 The History of Color Television 8 1.3 The Inventor of Television 10 1.4 The Definition of Television 12 1.5 Current Issues 13 Positive and Negative Effects of Television 13 1.5.1 Positive Effects of Television on Children 13 †¢ Television as education 13 †¢ Moderation 13 †¢ Family bonding through television 13 †¢ Educational programs 14 †¢ Amusement 14 †¢ Catalyst for reading 14 †¢ Wonder 14 †¢ Introduces newRead MoreEssay on Effects of TV Violence on Children2966 Words   |  12 Pageseffects of violence on television as a prominent variable in childhood and adolescent aggressiveness. The prevalence of violence in television is rampant. It is as addictive as a drug to the children and adolescents, and is accomplishing two extreme reactions: a desensitization towards pain and suffering in the world, and instilling fear of the world as a dark, cold place. Although violence in all media has become a prominent issue, the focus has mainly been on television because it has hadRead MoreEssay on The Corruption of Media3049 Words   |  13 PagesThe Corruption of Media I came up with a problem that concerns many parents. It seems as though violence plays a role in the lives of many people. Even innocent children are affected by the negative things that go on in the huge world we live in. Television violence is often overlooked because of its ability to retain children’s attention. Countless mothers and fathers put their children in front of the television so they can have time to themselves. As a result, the kids are subjected to unnecessaryRead MoreEssay on Television and Media Effect on the Public4834 Words   |  20 PagesTelevision is a vital source from which most Americans receive information. News and media delegates on television have abused theirs powers over society through the airing of appealing news shows that misinform the public. Through literary research and experimentation, it has been proven that peoples perception of reality has been altered by the information they receive from such programs. Manipulation, misinterpreta tion, word arrangement, picture placement and timing are all factors and tricksRead MoreViolence on Television Does Not Impact Behavior Essay3474 Words   |  14 PagesViolence on Television Does Not Impact Behavior TV heroes endorse tanks of noxious,flesh-eating gas The complex age of elaborate laptops, portable color televisions in every room, and pocket radios the size of a basic calculator have all taken their toll on American society. In a furious outburst reflecting the contemporary society in which we live, television has come to represent all that is evil and wicked for our children. Through gruesome, explicit, and often unrealistic portrayals of deathRead MoreEffective Communication of Pepsi Co3206 Words   |  13 PagesEffective Communication Strategies of Pepsi Cola Table of Contents Executive Summery 3 Introduction 4 History 5 Effective Marketing and communication strategies of Pepsi 6 Media Commercials 6 Advantage of media commercials 6 Disadvantages of media commercials 7 Sponsorships 7 Advantages of Sponsorships 8 Disadvantages of Sponsorships 8 How to enhance the effectiveness of Sponsorship 8 Community Activities 8 Advantages of Community activities 9 Disadvantages of communityRead MoreExposure to Violent TV Causes Aggressive Behavior in Children3662 Words   |  15 PagesExposure to Violent Television Causes Aggressive Behavior in Children Abstract: Studies of the aggressiveness in children in relation to the amount of violent television viewed were examined. The results are discussed and a potential solution is proposed which assigns responsibility for the control of television viewing and its effects to parents and children. Television is the most powerful medium the world has ever seen. Never before has it been possible to communicate and so stronglyRead MoreEssay on The Media Violence Debate3490 Words   |  14 PagesTHE MEDIA VIOLENCE DEBATE Introduction Television and video games are favorite ways teenagers spend their leisure hours. Parents and teens themselves have wondered about their effects because of numerous concerns raised with regards to the negative influences that these form of entertainment bring. Many of today’s children grow up with a television at home or even in their own rooms and there have been studies dedicated to the analysis

Friday, December 20, 2019

The Role of the Lesion Method in the Understanding of...

Understanding the relationship between brain and behaviour has been of great phenomenon in the field of neuropsychology yet a compound one. Studying the effects of brain functions on human behaviour requires us to operate with methods that allow us to dissect different aspects of mental functions. This paper therefore addresses one of the ways of assessing brain functions in human and non-human animals; the lesion method (in Banich, 2004). The basic concept of the lesion method is to determine a correlation between a lesion in a certain region of the brain and occurring behaviours. The lesion method strategy thus involves ablating or destroying a proportion of the brain in order to understand the functional nature of that specific brain†¦show more content†¦In addition, neuropsychological research so far has successfully demonstrated consistency in the loss of certain brain regions resulting in disorganised and inconsistent behaviours and the profound difficulties when performing certain tasks with Galen being the first to underpin the complexities that underlie brain-behaviour relationships (in Banich, 2004). One of the most compelling and well-known documented cases of severe brain injury and personality disorders comes from Phineas Gage (1848 in Passer, Smith, Holt, Bremner, Sutherland, Vliek, 2009). Gage was a road rail construction foreman who had experienced an iron metal rod passing right through to his skull at a very high-speed. The iron rod passed under his left cheek bone and excited right through to his head. The severity of Gage’s accident led to damage to his medial region of the prefrontal cortex whilst his motor and premotor cortex remained intact. Thus the damage to Gage’s frontal cortex led to significant changes in his social cognitive functions resulting in a dramatic change to his personality. Gage was no longer the man he used to be and suffered extremely from mood swings, loss of social inhibition, anger and along with other anti-social behaviours (in Passer et al., 2009). To what scientists call a ‘miraculous recovery’ Gage’s case is probably one of the most spellbinding documentations of time leaving a landmark inShow MoreRelatedThe Complex Mechanism Underlying Cognitive Processing1999 Words   |  8 Pagesprocessing, such as memory, learning, reasoning and language understanding. Theories construct frameworks to explain the complex mechanism underlying cognitive processing. Nevertheless, in order to have a more thorough understanding of cognition, it is necessary to study its neural basis inside where it locates: the brain. Neuroimaging is now commonly used as a direct measure to investigate the neural basis of cognition by correlating brain structure and activity with cognitive performance. HoweverRead MoreLesion Studies1855 Words   |  8 PagesLesion Studies are the study of the effects and relationship between physiological and psychological processes within certain areas of the brain and central nervous system which have b een damaged or rendered none-operational due to some form of accidental damage or because of experimentation. Therefore a Lesion is an area of brain tissue that has been damaged by an accident, disease or infection, or placed in a state of none-function by an experimental trial. Within Biological Psychology they areRead MoreUse of Minimally Invasive Techniques in Psychological Studies2908 Words   |  12 Pagesinvasive technique’s to move further and faster in the world of Psychological studies. Studies have proved that by using invasive techniques it has changed the world of psychology because it gives researchers and experimenters a wider view on the brain. Many hospitals around the globe are still using invasive techniques mostly known as open surgery because many people can heal from this operation or surgery. This is because small incisions are made not one large one. It is still quiet commonRead MoreFormalin-Prepared Optic Nerves : Case Study1422 Words   |  6 Pagesneuroglia. The digital images formed were then examined and evaluated to quantify the data. Results revealed the presence of oligodendroglial cells in MSON lesions, which further confirms the link between remyelination as a result or consequence of demyelination. 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Recent researchers have shown that there are some nonprotein coding RNAs are there which affects transcription, translation, post-translational modification and also affects the stability of the genome. Ther are two types of non-coding RNAs:Read More Nature vs Nurture: Genes vs Environment Essay1490 Words   |  6 Pagesin communicating and understanding thus, causing them to be slow learners and anti-socialites. A person with a hypothalamus lesion may experience obesity or underweight that is beyond his or her control. However, the aspect of environmental influence (nurture) should not be entirely excluded. For instance, a person who has two obese parents can grow to be healthy and slender as healthy food is available for him or her. Both nature and nurture plays a very significant role in the psychological and

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Report on Business Ethics Individual Organization

Question: Describe about the Report on Business Ethics for Individual Organization. Answer: Introduction Ethics are the morals formed by the society. They are the values that form a part of our lives internally. Every decision that an individual makes is either ethical or unethical. Ethics are values like being fair, honest, abiding the rules, following the laws, doing the right thing. Ethics are principles that govern the decisions that an individual or organization makes, of choosing between the right and the wrong. A business might undertake some practices that are not ethical, they might undertake some ways or measures in which they promote unethical behavior and fails to realize its impact on the society. Such businesses should be brought under moral compass and should realize that through their decisions are impacting the lives of people in a negative manner. Every ethical decision a business makes affects the lives in a positive manner. A business needs to have ethics in their core values (Brenkert Beauchamp, 2012). Ethics are breached when a decision taken by a business or an i ndividual does not value the moral of the society. It is when they do not realize their moral responsibilities and do actions that have a negative impact. A business should always support ethics and do the right and the just. The actions done by the business should always be such that they have a positive impact on the lives of the people (Cremer, 2009). Advertisement 1 Breach of Ethics Ashley Madison is the worlds largest online networking community that offers online dating service. The company was founded in 2002 and targets people who are already married or in a committed relationship but still want to date. The company employed guerrilla marketing techniques to advertise its site. One of the advertisement marketing campaign run by the company was termed as the most offensive ad because it attracted huge number of complaints. The slogan of the website promoted in this advertisement was Life is short. Have an affair. This advertisement had a bunch of men, who say that they are looking for someone other than their wives. This advertisement promotes infidelity amongst people who are already in a relationship. This advertisement is considered wrong on the moral grounds. It is considered wrong and not in accordance with the standards for the rightful practices. Though adultery is not a criminal offence, but it is considered immoral. It involves breaking of a promise made in the act of marriage. One of the promises made in the act of marriage is thatthe husband and wife will have a sacred relationship and will abstain from having sexual relations with other people. This ad promotes adultery, which indicates the indifference on the part of the husband. It is seen as that he has no concern for the feelings of his spouse. This advertisement promotes immoral behavior amongst people because it makes them believe tha t it is ethical and justified to look for other people for sexual relations while being married to somebody. The spouse cheating could also lie or not tell about their actions, which in a way is equivalent to lying. This also breaks another promise of marriage which is to be honest and faithful to your spouse. This ad gives us ample of reasons to think that adultery is immoral and it also weakens our faith in the strong institution of marriage and family. Marriage and family is good for society and engaging in adultery is against the norms of the society. If a person is not happy in their marriage, opting to look out of their marriage while still being married is unethical, the right and ethical way is judicial separation and then moving ahead in life and looking for ways which provides them happiness (Bruck, 2015). Advertisement 2 Support of an Ethical Approach Australian Government Quit Smoking Ad 2014, released on the day of world no tobacco day, May 31st is considered for support of ethics. This ad is issued in the public interest and warns the people that tobacco is harmful for health. It informs people about the contents of a cigarette and its harmful effect on the health of a person. Each cigarette that a person consumes affects his health and the health of those around him. Smoking whether it is active or passive is considered as a hazard to the health of an individual. There are general restrictions on advertising tobacco, but anti-smoking advertisements fall under an exception. This ad warns people about the risk factors that arise because of tobacco consumption that includes heart diseases, chronic diseases, and Cancers (The department of health, 2015). This anti-smoking ad aims to affect the smoking behavior amongst people. The Australian Government has adopted a sustainable multi-faced approach to reduce the consumption of tobac co. This campaign is powerful in supporting the ethics that suggest reducing and quitting smoking. The government has invested millions in the campaign and is committed to reduce the devastating impacts of smoking on the people. This thirty seconds ad depicts a woman smoking and coughing. That indicates that smoking is harmful for health. It supports the ethics that suggest prohibition of promotion of tobacco (Wayne, 2014). It also supports the ethical practices which suggest that smoking is not a healthy activity for an individual. It not only is a health hazard but also not a socially acceptable practice in the society. This ad is in full support of the ethical approach (The department of health, 2016). Ethics Ethics are the basic fundamental principles that are conducted by a human being. The acts, which are socially acceptable, are not looked down upon and are not morally wrong. Ethics in a way is a code of conduct of ones behavior or activities (Kerns, 2005). Ethics are governed by moral principles. Ethics is also obedience to the law of land, concern for health and safety, concern for natural environment, concern for another human being. Ethics in a narrowed term is being morally right and just (Darely, Messick Tyler, 2001). Ethical issues Ethical issues are basically when a person or an organization has to choose between the two alternatives, usually out of which one is wrong or unethical and the other that is right or ethical (Bottoni, 2010). Ethical issues are always subject to a debate. Some things are morally wrong but not an offence according to the law of the land. Ethics is all about being morally right and fair. When an organization or an individual might do something that is unethical it creates an impression that people can do wrong and can be morally unjust towards others (Badiou Hallward, 2002). The issue taken up in this report in case 1, where an advertisement promotes Adultery, which is an unethical practice and it reduces our faith in the institution of marriage. This is an unethical issue because promoting something that causes marriages to break, people to lie and cheat and relationships to dissolve is unethical in every manner possible in the society. This type of behavior is classified as unethical in every corner of the world. Though adultery is not a criminal offence but it is unethical because it affects the relationships on the moral grounds. Ethics are basically guidelines based on human morality. In this advertisement, the company is affecting the sentiments of women who are married, because their husbands are conveying the message that they are not happy and are looking outside their marriage. This breaks the fundamental promise of the marriage, being in an exclusive and sacred relationship and of honesty and trust. Ethics affects every decision that a person, an organization makes in their course of time. Every organization has to consider its impact on the lives of the people, its impact on the societies before making any decision. The decisions made by the organization reflect their values, their beliefs and with this advertisement it is clear that the company, Ashley Madison clearly doesnt believe in the constitution of marriage and promotes infidelity. Another case taken up is an advertisement that promotes ill effect of tobacco. This ad clearly conveys that it is not an ethical activity to undertake and it affects the lives of the people around the person smoking as well as their own life. This ad is in support of ethics that believes that it is an unhealthy human practice and it destroys lives. This decision to support such ethical issues that makes human aware of their unethical choices is right in every aspect. This advertisement deals with an ethical issue that is of tobacco. The decision to promote such cases, which makes peop le aware of their moral duties and ethics, is socially acceptable. It is indeed an ethical decision taken. Importance of Ethics in Business Decision Making Ethics are important in decision-making; there is a great relationship between the two. An organization has to be ethical while making decisions. Understanding between the right and the wrong is very important while making business decisions. If a decision is made which is not ethical it might impact the lives of several people. It will create an atmosphere in the society that will be not just. Outcomes of the unethical decisions are usually unrest and non-harmony amongst people. The organization involved while making the business decision in the first advertisement did not realize the impact it made in the society. It did not follow the ethical code of conduct. An organizations core values must include ethics. Then only it would be able to take ethical decisions (Ethical leadership, decision-making, and organizations, 2016). Business ethics is not a temporary practice; it is more of a permanent trait that has to be adapted in their behavior while making decisions. Taking ethical dec ision is always a hard task, because ethics involves hard work, abiding by the law, doing things that are right in the first place and always. Whereas wrong and unethical is easy in the first place but it will be a problem in the long run for the company. An organization that makes ethical decisions will face initial troubles but will always be benefited in the long run. The decisions made by the organization or any business is affected by its policies, if the policies of the organization are ethical, the procedures and practices are just and fair then the outcomes of the decisions taken would result in a positive manner. Unethical values results in the decisions that impact the lives of the people in an adverse manner. They are not based or formed out of social norms or cultural practices. They do not assess the moral implications that they might cause. Unethical decisions are not based out of moral philosophy. Whereas making an ethical judgment require an understanding of the perc eption of people, of the interpretation of the thoughts, realization of the set of values people have and estimation that how people would react to that certain decision and how significantly it would impact their lives. A decision that significantly impacts the lives of the people should always be ethical. We live in a society where people are affected and if they are affected in an adverse manner, than it is considered wrong on the grounds of morality even if it is not an offense under the law of the land. A business needs to make decisions that only positively affects the lives of the people and that would only happen when Ethics are a great part of business and its activities. Conclusion Ethics is a moral concept. They are something that affects the lives of every individual whether in a positive or negative manner. Ethics just form a part of the lives of the people and the way the conduct their activities. When an organization conducts unethical behavior they are affecting the lives of people in an adverse manner, which here was shown by the unethical business conducted and promoted by a company. Support of ethics was shown by the second case, where people were made aware of their unethical and socially unacceptable behavior and were requested to stop. Ethics forms a core part of the decision-making in the business. Every decision that a business takes is either ethical or unethical. An ethical business will always realize its moral responsibility towards the society and will always take ethical decisions. References Australian associated press. (2016, August 2016). International report into Ashley Madison hack 'highly critical' of site's privacy. The Guardian. Retrieved from URL https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/aug/24/international-report-into-ashley-madison-hack-highly-critical-of-sites-privacy Badiou, A. Hallward, P. (2002). Ethics: An Essay on the Understanding of Evil. US: Verso. Bottoni, M. (2010). The Cost of Unethical Behavior: A Pending Issue at the Argonne National Laboratory. US: AuthorHouse. Brenkert, G. Beauchamp, T. (2012). The Oxford Handbook of Business Ethics. US:OUP. Bruck, S. (2015, May 15th).Ashley Madison Ad.Retrieved from URL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQp9mkuCYBM Cremer, D. (2009). Psychological Perspectives on Ethical Behavior and Decision Making. US: IAP. Darely, J., Messick, D., Tyler, T. (2001). Social Influences on Ethical Behavior in Organization. US: Taylor Francis. Ethical leadership, decision-making, and organizations. (2016). Retrieved from URL https://www.businessballs.com/ethical_management_leadership.htm Kerns, C. (2005) Value-centered Ethics: A Proactive System to Shape Ethical Behavior. US: Human Resource Development. The department of health. (2015, September 2015). Tobacco advertising. Retrieved from URL https://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/tobacco-advert. The department of health. (2016, May 1st). New anti-smoking campaign aims to close the Gap. Retrieved from URL https://www.health.gov.au/internet/ministers/publishing.nsf/Content/health-mediarel-yr2016-nash012.htm Wayne, L. (2014, February 21st). Australian Government Quit Smoking 2010 Ad. Retrieved from URL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yiJ17uXv1WY

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Productivity and Cost Competitiveness †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Productivity and Cost Competitiveness. Answer: Introduction Delta is a renowned American airlines company which is headquartered at Atlanta Georgia. The organization operates almost over 5400 flights in a daily basis and they serve a domestic as well as international network that involves over 310 destinations across 54 nations (David Mc, 2013). The main purpose of this report is to highlight that the organization is using real time data generated in the aircraft for the benefits of the customers and to satisfy them to the fullest, aiming monopolizing the business. It is a matter of fact that, United States airline company Delta tries to squeeze out the most benefits from the real-time data gathered by the aircraft for the betterment of customer safety and satisfaction (Oum Yu, 2012). Thus, the organization is using a tool to provide the pilots with necessary information and the level of their flying and landing skills. The organization intends to give the customers more satisfaction and more security for their betterment and the general betterment of the organization (Moreno-Hines Kirkman, 2013). The organization is also taking up some alternate programs using the real time data for the benefits of the customers. Delta airlines are targeting to achieve the most customer satisfaction level than any other airlines company, as they want to monopolize the market. The organization is currently trying to use the real time data to satisfy their customers to the next level (Oum Yu, 2012). The organization can use these data for collect and analyze approach, so that they can analyze more than 150 variables in the customer profile and they can provide highly personalized offers. A regular 6 hours flight produces data of above 240 terabytes sensor data and Delta having more than enough aircrafts they get a lot of data, which can be used for betterment of the customers (Steven, Dong Dresner, 2012). The information from the data allows the organization to detect the issues that can arise in future and the organization would benefit from that for providing a smooth flight to all of its c ustomers. The organization sometimes uses data to analyze the customers purchase activity and thus they can offer them tailor made offers (Moreno-Hines Kirkman, 2013). The big data also allows the organization to detect some specific customer behaviors and they can determine the preferences of those customers so that they can provide the best service they can expect (Yee Liau Pei Tan, 2014). The big data also allows the organization to make strategic decisions to gasp the market by successfully attracting the customers for choosing their organization for travelling (Lee Worthington, 2014). Conclusion Thus to conclude, it can be said that, the organization Delta Airlines of United States of America is trying to reduce the harmful factors and enhancing the satisfaction level of the customers to become the most successful airlines company in America. They are also eying to set a milestone for the other airlines organizations to follow. It can also be said that, Delta is trying too hard for technological advancement to provide the customers with the comfort level that is beyond their expectation along with for the betterment of the safety issues. References Moreno-Hines, F., Kirkman, D. (2013, June). Assessing the NextGen Avionics Business Case from the Airline Perspective. InTenth USA/Europe Air Traffic Management Research and Development Seminar (ATM2013). Oum, T. H., Yu, C. (2012).Winning airlines: Productivity and cost competitiveness of the worlds major airlines. Springer Science Business Media. Steven, A. B., Dong, Y., Dresner, M. (2012). Linkages between customer service, customer satisfaction and performance in the airline industry: Investigation of non-linearities and moderating effects.Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review,48(4), 743-754. Yee Liau, B., Pei Tan, P. (2014). Gaining customer knowledge in low cost airlines through text mining.Industrial Management Data Systems,114(9), 1344-1359.